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The Incredible Flora and Fauna of Nepal

Nepal even being a tiny state in the Himalaya region is an incredible location for a naturalist who desires to explore the best collection of flora and fauna on the planet. It is not surprising fact that even in a small area of less than 100,000 sq. miles, Nepal not just have the height of 70 m to 8,848 m; but a wide variety of wild floras and faunas that is rare to find anywhere in the world.

Either you are making a wildlife tour of Nepal or want to enjoy Nepal village home stay trek or thinking for a walk in the national parks or conservation areas of Nepal, you definitely encounter the diverse colors of Nepal’s flora and fauna.

Flora and Fauna of Nepal
Flora and Fauna of Nepal

Your experience of flora and fauna in Nepal reaches apex as you pass through the deep forest of Nepal encountering from exotic Lophophorus to the elusive Royal Bengali Tiger, from the endangered One-Horned Rhino to exotic Snow leopard and the largest collection of birds.

Besides, in Nepal’s geographical extremes, one may find different types of plants. It ranges from the treeless steppes of the Trans-Himalayan region, the birch, silver fir, larch and hemlock of the higher valleys to the oak, pine and rhododendron of the intermediate altitudes and the big Sal and Sissau forests in Terai.

From the lowest altitude to 1000 meter which is generally referred as Tropical region in Nepal includes the Terai and the large valleys found between successive hill ranges. The major tree species of this area are Sal, Semal, Asna and many more. This tropical region is the richest area of Nepal for wildlife such as buffaloes, leopards, four species of deer, tigers and some other animals like rhinoceros, swamp deer and hot deer. The major birds that are found in this region are the peacock, jungle fowl and black partridge.

Likewise, from the altitude of 1100 meters to 2400 meters, a traveler travels through Subtropical region of Nepal. The trees one can find in this region are various species of oak and rhododendron. Orchids clothe the stems of trees and gigantic climbers smother their heads. This region is generally poor in wildlife. The widely distributed animals in this zone are wild boar, barking deer, Srow, Ghoral and bears. Different varieties of birds are also found in this region.

The Temperate region, from the elevation of 2500 meters to 4000 meters, is favorable location for oaks, pines, conifers, rhododendron, bamboo and maples. Above all, coniferous forest dominates this region. The wildlife of this region includes the Himalayan bear, serow, ghoral, barking deer and wild-boar. The red panda is among the more interesting of the mammals found in this zone. You will have a glimpse of Nepal’s national bird – Danfe in this region as well.

Beyond 4000 meters, you walk through Sub alpine and Alpine section of Nepal. This region is almost all the time covered with ice. In the lower section of this region, a traveler can find rhododendron, juniper scrub and other woody vegetation. The mammalian faun is unlikely to include any species other than thar, musk deer, snow leopard and occasionally blue sheep. In Dolpa and Humla region, there is lower probability of encountering with wild Yak and great Tibetan sheep. Yaks are the only livestock, which sustain life at such higher altitude.

Whether you are traveling to Chitwan National Park or making a tour of Bardia National Park or trekking around Dolpa or Everest region, you explore nature’s rich diversity which is incomparable elsewhere in the world. The more your traverse through lower altitudes of Nepal the abundance of the flora and fauna increase progressively. With the existing incredible diversity of flora and fauna, Nepal is a paradise destination for wildlife, animals and bird lovers.

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